COPD
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a collective term for a group of chronic lung conditions that make it hard to move air in and out of the lungs due to narrowed and less elastic airways. This limited airflow occurs because the bronchi (airways) and alveoli (tiny air sacs) lose their shape and flexibility, leading to reduced oxygen intake and trapping of stale air in the lungs.
Causes of COPD
- A genetic condition, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, can also increase susceptibility to COPD.
- Smoking is the leading cause of COPD, but it can also arise from prolonged exposure to air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust.
- The leading cause is long-term exposure to irritants, especially cigarette smoke.
Symptoms
- Chronic Cough
- Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea)
- Wheezing & Fatigue
- Chest Tightness
- Excess Mucus Production
Management:
- There is no cure, but treatments aim to manage symptoms and slow disease progression.
- Medications
- Lifestyle Changes
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation
- Oxygen Therap
Prognosis
COPD is a progressive disease, meaning it worsens over time, but early diagnosis and management can improve quality of life and delay further lung damage.
